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Article History

Received: 6 February 2026

Accepted: 27 August 2026

First Online: 5 September 2026

Declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was conducted at Al-Sabeen Maternity and Child Hospital, Sana’a, Yemen, between January 2017 and December 2018. The study protocol was reviewed and institutionally approved by the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Al-Sabeen Maternity and Child Hospital, in affiliation with 21 September University for Medical and Applied Sciences. As this was a descriptive observational hospital-based study based on anonymized routinely collected clinical records with no direct patient contact, formal ethical approval and individual informed consent were waived by the institutional authority. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.

Consent for publication: Not applicable.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.