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Article History

Received: 31 January 2017

Accepted: 23 January 2018

First Online: 5 February 2018

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: All animal work and care were performed under the guidelines of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC). Specific approval for the mouse experiments was obtained with the protocol 51410(08)1E entitled “Development and Maintenance of Primary GI Tumor Bank for Designing Rational Treatment using Mouse Tumor Explants”. All reasonable efforts were made to ameliorate suffering, including anesthesia for painful procedures. The human tumors were obtained using Colorado Multiple Institutional Review Board (COMIRB) approved protocol number 08–0439. Informed consent was obtained from the patient for all patient derived tumor sample retrieval.

: Not applicable.

: Potential conflict of interest is author ELB is a current employee and KK is a former employee of Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited. Millennium Pharmaceuticals partially funded this project and no role in study design or decision to publish. The funders had no role in data collection and analysis, or preparation of the manuscript.

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