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Article History

Received: 19 April 2016

Accepted: 19 February 2018

First Online: 27 February 2018

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: This cohort study used non-identifiable information from routinely collected administrative healthcare datasets in Scotland and had approval from the NHS National Services Scotland Privacy Advisory committee (ref: PAC 36/14).

: Approval to use anonymous routinely collected patient data has been obtained as described above.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.