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Article History

Received: 25 January 2018

Accepted: 26 September 2018

First Online: 4 October 2018

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: 35 RCC tissue samples were collected from patients at Hiroshima University Hospital or an affiliated hospital under an institutional review board-approved protocol (IRB# E912). The written comprehensive informed consent was obtained from all of the patients. This study was conducted in accordance with the Ethical Guidance for Human Genome/Gene Research of the Japanese Government. We also obtained 15 frozen sarcomatoid RCC tissue samples and adjacent normal kidney samples from the tissue bank of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (Houston, TX) under approval of the written informed consent and using an institutional review board-approved protocol (IRB# LAB 08–670).

: Not applicable.

: The author declare that they have no competing interests.

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