Document is current

Article History

Received: 1 June 2018

Accepted: 2 December 2018

First Online: 17 December 2018

Authors’ information

: KK is a professor in the Department of Surgery, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, Chiba, Japan. HH is a professor in the Center for Frontier Medical Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan. MH is a professor in the Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Science, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan. SK is an associate professor in the Department of Surgery, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, Chiba, Japan. KC and MM are assistant professors in the Department of Surgery, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, Chiba, Japan. NK is a staff member in the Department of Surgery, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, Chiba, Japan.

: The study was conducted in accordance with the principals of the Declaration of Helsinki. The Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center and Chiba University Hospital Ethics Review Boards approved retrospective data collection and analysis. All patients gave written informed consent for the collection of their medical data for scientific purposes.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.