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Differential expressions of PD-1, PD-L1 and PD-L2 between primary and metastatic sites in renal cell carcinoma

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-019-5578-4

Published Online: 2019-04-16

Published Print: 2019-12

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Zhang, Xingming

Yin, Xiaoxue

Zhang, Haoran

Sun, Guangxi

Yang, Yaojing

Chen, Junru

Zhu, Xudong

Zhao, Peng

Zhao, Jinge

Liu, Jiandong

Chen, Ni

Wang, Jia

Shen, Pengfei

Zeng, Hao http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1267-0509
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

Natural Science Foundation of China (81402110, 81672547)

Science and Technology Support Program of Sichuan Province (2015SZ0230-3)

1.3.5 project for disciplines of excellence, West China Hospital, Sichuan University (No.0040205301E21)
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Article History

Received: 20 January 2019

Accepted: 4 April 2019

First Online: 16 April 2019

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: The protocol of the present study, involving human clinical samples, was approved by the Ethics Committee of West China Hospital, Sichuan University. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.