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Authors
Ndlovu, Andrew Khulekani
Kasvosve, Ishmael
Rantshabeng, Patricia S.
Sharma, Kirthana
Govender, Dhiren
Naidoo, Richard
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
University of Botswana, Human resources (PhD Scholarship)
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Article History
Received: 14 January 2025
Accepted: 30 April 2025
First Online: 19 May 2025
Declarations
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: Informed consent was not obtained as the study used residual samples that had been collected as part of clinical care. The study adhered to the 18th World Medical Assembly, Helsinki, Finland, June 1964, amended by the 29th World Medical Assembly, Tokyo, Japan, October 1975, and the 35th World Medical Assembly, Venice, Italy, October 1983 which guides physicians in biomedical research involving human subjects.Ethical approval was obtained from the University of Botswana Office of Research and Development Institutional Review Board (RES/IRB/1380). A research permit was issued by the Botswana Ministry of Health Research Division (PPME 13/18/1) and further ethical clearance approvals and waiver of consent to enrol participants in the study was issued by from Princess Marina Hospital (PMH 5/75 &79) and Nyangabgwe Hospital Research and Ethics Committees (NRH/1/2).Permission to transport residual FFPE tissue samples to South Africa to conduct research was granted by the Ministry of Health MH 3/87 III. Further ethical approval was also granted by the University of Cape Town, Faculty of Health Sciences, Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC 620/2013). The archived tumour blocks were de-identified before enrolment into the study in keeping with the provisions of ISO 15189.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
