Cui, Feng
Dang, Xiangji
Peng, Daiyun
She, Yuanhua
Wang, Yubin
Yang, Ruifeng
Han, Zhiyao
Liu, Yan
Yang, Hanteng
Article History
Received: 12 July 2024
Accepted: 9 May 2025
First Online: 22 May 2025
Declarations
:
: The survey protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Review Board of the National Center for Health Statistics ( ). The NCHS Research Ethics Review Board reviewed and approved NHANES, and all survey participants provided written informed consent . Therefore, no further ethical approval and informed consent were required.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.