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Authors
Ebrahim, Noura A. A.
Hussein, Mustafa A.
Sobeih, Mohamed Emam
Amin, Nancy H.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Cairo University
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Article History
Received: 11 February 2025
Accepted: 28 May 2025
First Online: 5 June 2025
Declarations
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: To ensure patient confidentiality and uphold ethical standards, all personal identifiers were removed from the dataset. The requirement for informed consent was waived in accordance with institutional policy. Ethical approval for the study was granted by the Institutional Review Board of the National Cancer Institute, Cairo University (Approval No. PA2502-501-093-197).
: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, ensuring that patients’ dignity, confidentiality, and privacy were fully respected. No personal identifying information was included, contributing to the advancement of medical knowledge.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
