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Authors
Feng, Yanan
Chen, Yanjie
Wu, Qiong
Bao, Zhenghao
Ning, Chunping
Zhao, Cheng
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Shandong Provincial Medical and Health Science and Technology Project (No. 202309021685)
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Article History
Received: 8 December 2024
Accepted: 29 June 2025
First Online: 16 July 2025
Declarations
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: This retrospective study involving human participants was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University (QYFYWZLL29486). The need for informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University (QYFYWZLL29486) due to the retrospective nature. This study was carried out in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
