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Authors
Li, Shi Yu
Li, Yue Ming
Fang, Yong Qi
Jin, Zhi Ying
Li, Jun Kang
Zou, Xiao Meng
Huang, Si Si
Niu, Rui Lan
Fu, Nai Qing
Shao, Yu Hong
Gong, Xuan Tong
Li, Mao Ran
Wang, Wei
Wang, Zhi Li
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFC2414203)
National Natural Science Foundation (82371972)
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Article History
Received: 28 April 2025
Accepted: 3 July 2025
First Online: 14 August 2025
Declarations
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: This retrospective study was approved by the ethics committees of the First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, the Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Peking University First Hospital, and the Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Due to the retrospective design of this study, all ethics committees waived the requirement for informed consent. This waiver was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, which served as the main coordinating ethics committee. All participating centers conducted the study in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not Applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
