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Article History

Received: 6 May 2025

Accepted: 11 July 2025

First Online: 30 July 2025

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval was granted by the review committee at the Institution of Science Tokyo and was approved and overseen by the institutional review boards of each participating hospital. If deemed eligible, informed consent will be obtained from the patients by the attending surgeons at the participating centers.

: The authors declare that this work was supported by research funding from ETHICON, Inc. and the Intuitive Foundation, Inc. The sponsors had no role in the study design, data collection, analysis, interpretation, or writing of the manuscript.

: Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Chugoku Rosai Hospital, Edogawa Hospital, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Ehime University, Fujita Health University, Hakodate Municipal Hospital, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens Hospital, Hyogo Medical University, Institute of Science Tokyo, ISEIKAI International General Hospital, JA Toride Medical Center, Kariya Toyota General Hospital, Kochi Health Sciences Center, Kouseiren Takaoka Hospital, Kumamoto University, Kurashiki Central Hospital, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Nagoya City University Hospital, National Cancer Center Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, NHO Higashihiroshima Medical Center, Nitobe Memorial Nakano General Hospital, Okinawa Chubu Hospital, Osaka Keisatsu Hospital, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Ota Nishinouchi Hospital, Otaru Ekisaikai Hospital, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Red Cross Hospital, Saiseikai Kumamoto Hospital, Shinko Hospital, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka City Shizuoka Hospital, Shizuoka General Hospital, Soka Municipal Hospital, South TOHOKU General Hospital, Sumitomo Besshi Hospital, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo Metropolitan Ohtsuka Hospital, Tokyo Metropolitan Toshima Hospital, TOYOTA Memorial Hospital, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital, Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital, Yokohama City University Medical Center, and Yodogawa Christian Hospital.