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Authors
Wang, YaRong https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6774-4226
Wang, Liang
Yu, Bei
Wen, Shuang
Mou, Xiaoxi
Yang, Lin
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Article History
Received: 8 April 2025
Accepted: 14 July 2025
First Online: 20 August 2025
Declarations
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: The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study is a collaborative scientific initiative that enables cross-population comparisons of health outcomes across age groups, genders, and geographical regions. Our research used publicly available secondary data from the GBD study, with no direct access to individual participants. Additionally, no patients were involved in formulating research questions, defining outcome measures, or designing and implementing the study..
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
