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Authors
Gao, Zhenrong
Guo, Yan
Yue, Chao
Wang, Yannian
Li, Yanzhi
Mo, Zhenchang
Gao, Ruiqi
Zhang, Ying
Li, Xiaohua
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The Subproject of the Logistics Research Key Project (BKJWS221J004)
The University-level General Clinical Research Project (2022LC2206)
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Article History
Received: 27 February 2025
Accepted: 14 July 2025
First Online: 13 August 2025
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the the ethical committee of Xijing Hospital. The research protocol strictly followed the ethical principles set forth in the Declaration of Helsinki for Medical Research. Given that our study involved a retrospective analysis of de-identified data collected between January 2023 and June 2024, the requirement for obtaining individual informed consent was waived by the Research Ethics Committee of Xijing Hospital. This decision was consistent with the committee’s guidelines, which permit the exemption of informed consent for studies utilizing anonymized retrospective data without compromising participant rights or privacy.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
