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Authors
Liu, Yitong
Han, Baodi
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Article History
Received: 14 June 2025
Accepted: 28 July 2025
First Online: 16 August 2025
Declarations
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: All data used in this study were obtained from the publicly available GBD 2021 database. The database contains fully de-identified data at the country/region level and does not include any individual-level or personally identifiable information. As this study used publicly accessible, anonymized aggregate data, no ethical approval or informed consent was required.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
