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Article History

Received: 5 June 2025

Accepted: 18 August 2025

First Online: 10 October 2025

Declarations

:

: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee (CEIM) of the University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital (Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe), Valencia, Spain (Approval no. 2023-1165-1).Informed consent was obtained from the parents or legal guardians of all patients prior to their registration in the RETI-SEHOP and/or NBL-CDB. The use of these data for the present study is legitimate, as the consent forms explicitly included authorisation for future use in epidemiological studies aimed at advancing knowledge of childhood cancer.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.