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Authors
Dou, Zheng
Lu, Chenghao
Shen, Xinan
Gu, Chenqi
Shen, Yuntian
Xu, Wei
Qin, Songbing
Zhu, Jinzhou
Xu, Chao
Li, Jinli
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Discipline (ZDXK202235)
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Article History
Received: 22 March 2025
Accepted: 19 August 2025
First Online: 20 October 2025
Declarations
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: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University (Approval No. 176/2024). The Ethics Committee waived the requirement for individual patient informed consent for this retrospective study, as all data were anonymized and no identifiable information was included.
: Not Applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
