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Authors
Abu Hamdeh, Nizar
Alnees, Mohammad
Ewidat, Osama
Zahran, Anwar
AbuAlrub, Ibraheem
Najajra, Duha
Darwish, Abdalaziz
Zraiq, Sari
Bali, Basem
Hadya, Fadi
Khaleel, Ahmad
Ihmoud, Faridah
Alzirei, Khairi
Salah, Qasem
Yaghmour, Raghad
Salloum, Omar
Marrawani, Mohammad
Zayed, Alaa
Ahmad, Malak M.
AbuAlsuod, Eithar
Shaheen, Loay
Allaham, Saad
Riyad, Nuha
Ismail, Sara
Barq, Amid
Atallah, Sara
Alawna, Abed
Abdul-Hafez, Hamza A.
Masu’d, Mohammad
Dweikat, Oswatalrasoul Anan Abdulaziz
Abu Khadija, Haitham
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Article History
Received: 4 June 2025
Accepted: 29 August 2025
First Online: 30 September 2025
Declarations
:
: The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Najah National University in Palestine. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants before data collection. The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable. The manuscript does not include any individual personal data in any form (e.g., images, videos, personal details).
: The authors declare no competing interests.
