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Authors
Xu, Chenhao
Huo, Da
Liu, Yanxu
Zhu, Qiyu
Zhao, Junjie
Liang, Jiayu
Wang, Xianding
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
NSFC (NSFC 82202901)
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Article History
Received: 28 April 2025
Accepted: 3 September 2025
First Online: 14 October 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted using data from the UK Biobank (application number 105913). UK Biobank obtained ethical approval from the North West Multi-centre Research Ethics Committee (REC reference: 11/NW/0382), and all participants provided written informed consent. Secondary analysis of de-identified data was approved under the corresponding data access agreement. All procedures were performed in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki ().
: Not applicable. This manuscript does not contain any individual person’s data in any form (including individual details, images, or videos).
: The authors declare no competing interests.
