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Authors
Lin, Mingzhi
Li, Longqian
Hui, Yiming
Li, Bin
Li, Yue
Li, ChongRui
Zheng, Zhizhong
Yang, Zhuowen
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
lanzhou university (No. (20)0458, No. (20)0458, No. (20)0458, No. (20)0458, No. (20)0458, No. (20)0458, No. (20)0458)
Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2024MH305)
The development of scientific and technological innovation in Yantai City (2024YT06000818)
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Article History
Received: 8 July 2025
Accepted: 3 September 2025
First Online: 3 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The ethics committees of the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University (approval number 2024A-919) and Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital (approval number 2025-589)This retrospective study utilized anonymized data without involving identifiable personal information. The requirement for written informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee of Lanzhou University (Approval No. 2024A-919) and Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Ethics Committee (Approval No. 2025-589), in compliance with ethical standards and relevant regulations.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
