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Article History

Received: 27 May 2025

Accepted: 3 September 2025

First Online: 21 October 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committees for clinical study (institutional and national) and the Declaration of Helsinki of 1964 and its later versions and was centrally approved by the Institutional Review Board of Sasebo Kyosai Hospital (study ID 2021–08), and also approved by the Institutional Review Boards or Ethics Committee of the following institutions: Kagoshima City Hospital, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kurume University Hospital, Saga Medical Center Koseikan, Japanese Red Cross Kumamoto Hospital, Karatsu Red Cross Hospital, Japan Community Healthcare Organization Kyushu Hospital, Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Oita University Hospital, University of Miyazaki Hospital, National Hospital Organization Kumamoto Medical Center, Saiseikai Kumamoto Hospital, Kagoshima Kouseiren Hospital, Miyazaki Prefectural Miyazaki Hospital, Nagasaki University Hospital, Izumi General Medical Center, Asakura Medical Association Hospital, and Saiseikai Sendai Hospital prior to the study. Because this study was a retrospective observational study conducted in Japan, informed consent was obtained using the opt-in/opt-out approach according to each participating institution’s policy. Clinical trial number: not applicable.

: Consent for publication was obtained using the opt-in/opt-out approach according to each participating institution’s policy.

: The authors declare no competing interests.