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Authors
Mizrachi, Ronit Pinchas
Bouhnik, Dan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Israel Academic College (112019)
Jerusalem College of Technology (012022RP, 012022RP)
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Article History
Received: 19 May 2025
Accepted: 3 September 2025
First Online: 11 November 2025
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the Research Room Ethics Committee of the Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) and by the Ethics Committee of the Israel Academic College in Ramat Gan (Approval No. 1324). All procedures were carried out in accordance with relevant ethical guidelines and regulations. Informed consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study, which used de-identified, administrative data from national databases. The waiver was granted by the above-mentioned ethics committees.
: Not applicable. The study did not include any individual person’s data (e.g., details, images, or videos), and therefore no consent to publish was required.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
