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Article History

Received: 11 July 2025

Accepted: 10 September 2025

First Online: 12 November 2025

Declarations

:

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: This study was conducted in accordance with international and local ethical principles, including those outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval for this study was granted by the Makerere University School of Public Health Research and Ethics Committee. Furthermore, administrative clearance to conduct the study and access patients’ medical records for secondary data abstraction was granted by the Mulago National Referral Hospital administration. No personal identifiers were used and anonymity was maintained. Written informed consent was sought and obtained from the caregivers and health care providers who participated in the focus group discussions and key informant interviews respectively. As children/patients were not involved in these discussions, their consent was not required. Data was stored on a computer that was password protected, and only accessed by the research team.