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Authors
Monkam, Patrice
Wang, Xu
Zhao, Bonan
Qi, Shouliang
Cui, Chunxiao
Zhao, Dan
Yu, Tao
Liu, Chang
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Application and Base Research Joint Program of Liaoning Province (2022JH2/101500024)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (N2424010-19)
Strategies for the Prevention and Management of Significant Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, National Key Research and Development Plan (2016YFC1303002)
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Article History
Received: 14 November 2024
Accepted: 2 October 2025
First Online: 10 November 2025
Declarations
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: For both datasets used in this study, approval for the investigation was obtained from the institutional review board of each respective institution (Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao Medical University). All participating patients provided their informed consent by signing a consent form before inclusion in the study. This process ensured that each patient was thoroughly informed about the study’s objectives and procedures, and emphasized the voluntary nature of their participation.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
