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Authors
Alshammari, Ahmad Najem
Alfawaz, Mohammed Saleh
Alenezi, Yusef Muhana
Al-Ghafari, Ayat B.
Al Doghaither, Huda A.
Elmorsy, Ekramy M.
Atta, Marwa Mahmoud Fawzy
El-Raghi, Ali Ali
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Northern Borders University (NBU-CRP-2025-2510)
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Article History
Received: 4 September 2025
Accepted: 29 October 2025
First Online: 25 November 2025
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for all procedures was obtained from the Cairo University Animal Care and Use Committee (Vet CU08102025). The study adhered to Directive 2010/63/EU and was conducted in accordance with the ARRIVE guidelines 2.0, ensuring the protection of animals used for scientific purposes.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
