Ko, Yeo Gyeong https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5157-5063
Lee, See Young
Lee, Won Kyu
Park, Ji Hoon
Lee, Sang Hoon
Shin, Kyung In
Keum, Jiyoung
Kim, Jee Hoon
Jo, Jung Hyun
Jang, Sung Ill
Cho, Jae Hee
Leem, Galam
Chung, Moon Jae
Park, Jeong Youp
Bang, Seungmin
Park, Seung Woo
Kim, Seung Up
Lee, Hee Seung https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2825-3160
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea (RS‐2024‐00335625)
Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea (2022R1A2C1009842)
Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea (RS‐2024‐00342475)
Article History
Received: 12 August 2025
Accepted: 31 October 2025
First Online: 27 November 2025
Declarations
:
: This study protocol conforms to the ethical guidelines of the 1975 Declaration of Helsinki, as reflected in the prior approval by the institutional review board (IRB) of Severance Hospital (Approval number: 2024–2552-002). The requirement for informed consent was waived by the IRB due to the retrospective nature of the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.