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Authors
Wu, Cherng-Horng
Wu, Xia
Hu, Xiao
Kennedy, Alice
Pai, Lori
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Article History
Received: 12 August 2025
Accepted: 5 November 2025
First Online: 22 November 2025
Declarations
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: The authors have complied with the applicable privacy laws and obtained approval from the Tufts Social, Behavioral, and Educational Research IRB to conduct this original research. An exemption 7 was obtained from the IRB for the purposes of this research. The Tufts Social, Behavioral, and Educational Research IRB waived requirement for informed consent from patients as many of them have deceased prior to the start of this study. This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.
: An exemption 7 was obtained from the IRB for the purposes of this research.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
