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Authors
Bai, Hongmin
Liu, Yaqin
Ji, Cheng
Zhang, Qin
Luo, Ningning
Zhang, Xing
Zheng, Zhiming https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4896-4346
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Qilu Sanitation and Health Leading Talent Cultivation Project
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Article History
Received: 22 February 2025
Accepted: 10 November 2025
First Online: 26 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the ethics committee of Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University (SWYX:No. 2025–285). The requirement for informed consent was waived by our Ethics Committee due to the retrospective and anonymized nature of the data. All procedures were performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
