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Authors
Gan, Shanping
Tang, Jing
Qin, Sihan
Ou, Qian
Chen, Zinan
Chen, Zhaobin
Wang, Chuan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (32470181)
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Article History
Received: 2 September 2025
Accepted: 15 December 2025
First Online: 26 December 2025
Declarations
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: The animal study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Fourth West China Hospital of Sichuan University/West China School of Public Health (NO. Gwll2022073). Mice were euthanized by an intraperitoneal injection with 100 µL of 1% pentobarbital sodium (~ 40–50 mg/kg) to induce deep anesthesia, followed by cervical dislocation upon confirmation of absent nociceptive reflexes. All animal experiments were performed in accordance with the ARRIVE guidelines to ensure the welfare and ethical treatment of animals throughout the study.
: All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
