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Authors
Zhao, Nan
Wu, Xinyu
Zhao, Wensi
Cheng, Xiang
He, Hua
Cao, Dedong
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2023AFB766 to DDC)
Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2023AFB766 to DDC)
Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2023AFB766 to DDC)
Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2023AFB766 to DDC)
Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2023AFB766 to DDC)
Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2023AFB766 to DDC)
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Article History
Received: 28 January 2026
Accepted: 1 June 2026
First Online: 11 June 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study protocol has been reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University (Ethics Approval No.: WDRY2020F048). The need for informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University due to the retrospective nature of the study. This study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards, so as to ensure the full protection of patients’ legitimate rights and interests such as the right to privacy and the right to information.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Statement on informed consent: Since this study involves the retrospective use of data, and the patient information has been fully anonymized, and the study itself does not interfere with the patient's diagnosis and treatment process nor impose any additional burden on patients, the requirement for obtaining informed consent from patients for this study has been waived.
