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Authors
Aoki, Shuri
Ariyasu, Ryo
Kamima, Tatsuya
Sato, Yosuke
Tokumasu, Kenji
Anno, Wataru
Ogura, Yasuhiro
Kaneko, Masahiro
Mun, Mingyon
Ninomiya, Hironori
Nishio, Makoto
Yoshioka, Yasuo
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JP50773496)
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Article History
Received: 30 January 2026
Accepted: 25 June 2026
First Online: 27 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research (Approval No. 2021-GA-1056). The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Due to the retrospective nature of the study and the use of de-identified clinical data, the requirement for written informed consent was waived. An opt-out approach was implemented via institutional public disclosure.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: Ryo Ariyasu has received honoraria from AstraZeneca, Chugai Pharmaceutical, MSD, ONO Pharmaceutical, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Novartis. Makoto Nishio has received honoraria from Novartis, ONO Pharmaceutical, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Bristol Myers Squibb, TAIHO Pharmaceutical, Eli Lilly, Pfizer, Daiichi-Sankyo, Merck Sharp & Dohme, AbbVie, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Boehringer Ingelheim, Nippon Kayaku, Merck BioPharma, Janssen, and AstraZeneca. The other authors declare that they have no competing interests.
