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Article History

Received: 29 October 2024

Accepted: 20 December 2024

First Online: 23 January 2025

Declarations

:

: This retrospective study was conducted in accordance with the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. The institutional review board at Tokyo Women’s Medical University School of Medicine approved the study, which included OCT observation of eyes with macular and retinal disorders, observational study of age-related macular degeneration, and similar disorders.

: The patients have consented to the submission of this case report to the journal for publication. Written informed consent was obtained for all presented case details and accompanying images.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: Dr. Hashiya receives lecturing and travel fees from Senju Pharmaceutical, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Kowa, Novartis Pharma, and AMO.Dr. Maruko receives lecturing and travel fees from Bayer Pharmaceuticals, Novartis Pharma, Japan Alcon, Santen, Senju Pharmaceutical, Topcon, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Canon, Nidek, and Nikon. He holds a patent.Dr. Miyaguchi has nothing to disclose.Dr. Ruka Maruko receives lecturing and travel fees from Chugai Pharmaceutical and Kyowa Kirin.Dr. Hasegawa receives lecturing and travel fees from Novartis Pharma, Alcon Pharma, Santen, Kowa, Senju Pharmaceutical, R.E. Medical, Nikon Health Care Japan, JFC Sales Plan, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, and Japan Beringer Ingelheim.Dr. Iida receives grants from Nidek, Topcon, Santen, Novartis Pharma, Senju Pharmaceutical, Japan Alcon, HOYA, and AMO, consultant fees from Bayer Pharmaceuticals, Novartis Pharma, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Japan Beringer Ingelheim, and Janssen Pharma, and received lecturing and travel fees from Bayer Pharmaceuticals, Novartis Pharma, Japan Alcon, Santen, Senju Pharmaceutical, Topcon, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Canon, Nidek, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Nikon, and Kyowa Kirin. He holds a patent.