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Article History

Received: 9 December 2024

Accepted: 18 March 2025

First Online: 15 April 2025

Declarations

:

: The parents of the students have given their informed consent for this project to be implemented. The background, goals, and specific operations of the project will be explained at a parent meeting before the monitoring project of this research begins. Parents will receive information letters outlining the project in detail, and the investigation will only proceed with the parents’ and guardians’ informed consent.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The study research administered surveys following the acquisition of informed consent from the participants. This study was approved by the Ethical Review Committee of Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention (approval no. 2022-13) on March 22, 2022.