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Authors
Ogbonna, Grace Obumneke https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1728-0067
Chikhoza, Miriam
Kwarteng, Michael Agyemang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1072-315X
Ezinne, Ngozika Esther https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3138-0213
Ehigbor, Rosemary
Anyatonwu, Princewill Obinna https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4657-7720
Ogiemudia, Osamudiamen McHillary https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1182-3822
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Article History
Received: 26 November 2024
Accepted: 18 April 2025
First Online: 25 April 2025
Declarations
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: The approval for this study was gotten from the National Health Science Research Committee (NCHRS) with ethical clearance number 2543 and Research Ethics Committee, Faculty of Health Sciences, Mzuzu University. In addition, permission to access the patients’ records was sought and gotten from the study centres, through their research ethics committees. Due to the retrospective nature of the study and the absence of direct human contact of the researcher and the participants, the need for consent to participate in the study was waived by the Research Ethics Committee, Faculty of Health Sciences, Mzuzu University. The study followed the outlined protocols for data collection as specified by the research policies of the various hospitals involved in the study. Furthermore, the study thereafter adhered to the Helsinki principles by ensuring that patients’ anonymity was maintained via the codification of patients’ details and no harm came to the patients during and after the course of the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
