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Authors
Yu, Bo
Xin, Muyao
Sun, Yu
Li, Junran
Pazo, Emmanuel Eric
Xing, Xiaoli
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Tianjin Key Medical Discipline (Specialty) Construction Project (TJYXZDXK-037A)
Tianjin Key Medical Discipline (Specialty) Construction Project (TJYXZDXK-037A)
Tianjin Key Medical Discipline (Specialty) Construction Project (TJYXZDXK-037A)
Tianjin Key Medical Discipline (Specialty) Construction Project (TJYXZDXK-037A)
Tianjin Key Medical Discipline (Specialty) Construction Project (TJYXZDXK-037A)
Tianjin Key Medical Discipline (Specialty) Construction Project (TJYXZDXK-037A)
Tianjin Binhai New Area Health Research Project (2024BWKY18)
Tianjin Medical University “Clinical Talent Training 123 Climbing Plan”, and Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital High-level Innovative Talent Program (YDYYRCXM-E2023-01)
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Article History
Received: 21 April 2025
Accepted: 30 July 2025
First Online: 19 August 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted per the Declaration of Helsinki and received ethical approval from the Ethics Committee of Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital (Ethics Number: 2024KY-50). This study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Register (ChiCTR2400089879) at September 19, 2024. Since this is a retrospective study and does not contain any data which can identify individual, ethical approval is exampted.The imformed consent was waived by the ethics committee of Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital (Ethics Number: 2024KY-50).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
