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Authors
Hamid, Mohamed A.
Esmail, Mohamed Esmail Khalil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8055-8607
Zein, Hosny A.
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Article History
Received: 21 June 2025
Accepted: 22 October 2025
First Online: 1 December 2025
Declarations
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: The study was conducted at the Department of Ophthalmology, Minia University Hospital, Minia, Egypt. The study protocol was approved by the local Research Ethics Committee of Minia University (Approval No. 218–2022) and adhered to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from the patients or their guardians.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interest.
