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Authors
Spielmann, J.
Pink, I.
Framme, C.
Tode, J.
Volkmann, I.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (MHH)
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Article History
Received: 26 September 2024
Accepted: 15 November 2025
First Online: 28 November 2025
Declarations
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: The prospective case-control study was conducted at the ophthalmological department of Hannover Medical School (MHH), Germany between July 2020 and August 2021. It was carried out in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, registered in Deutsches Register Klinische Studien (DRKS00022874) and with approval of the Ethics Committee of Hannover Medical School (Nr. 9159_BO_K_2020). Written informed consent was given by all participants.
: Not applicable.
: Jan Spielmann: No conflict of interest Isabelle Pink: Travel fees from Chiesi and speaker honorar from Boehringer Ingelheim Carsten Framme: Bayer, Novartis, Apellis, MedUpdate (Fees for AdBoards and lectures) Jan Tode: No conflict of interest Ingo Volkmann: Lecture fees for Bayer and Novartis, Study participation for Bayer, Chengdu, Genentech, Novartis, Roche, Sandoz.
