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Authors
Liu, Keke
Luo, Huijuan
E, Boran
Kuang, Huining
Zhang, Chenyu
Guo, Xin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China, National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFC2702102)
Beijing Municipal Health Commission High-level Public Health Technical Talent Construction Project (Leading Talent-01-09)
The Operation of Public Health Emergency Response Mechanism (102393220020010000017)
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Article History
Received: 6 November 2025
Accepted: 17 December 2025
First Online: 29 January 2026
Declarations
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: All participants, or their legal guardians if they were minors, provided informed consent. The consent was obtained in written form and was documented and witnessed by a member of the research team. The study protocol was officially endorsed by the Institutional Review Board of the Beijing Municipal Center for Disease Prevention and Control (IRB approval number 24, 2022), and all research activities adhered to the ethical guidelines outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not Applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
