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Authors
Wang, Kaifang
Gao, Chuanjing
Qiao, Songsong
Wang, Xiaolu
Wang, Xiaoming
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Science and Technology Development Program of Jinan Municipal Health Commission (2025305022)
Young Elite Sponsorship Program of Shandong Provincial Medical Association
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Article History
Received: 10 January 2026
Accepted: 26 February 2026
First Online: 6 March 2026
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Jinan Mingshui Eye Hospital (Approval No. 2023-008) and adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from all participants prior to enrollment.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
