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Authors
Hermawan, Dicky https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4809-5005
Komaratih, Evelyn https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4821-4572
Sudiana, I. Ketut https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6346-7121
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Article History
Received: 17 August 2025
Accepted: 8 April 2026
First Online: 18 April 2026
Declarations
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: The research was approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee (ACUC) of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, under the Code of Ethics No. 2 KEH 122.09.2022, dated September 13, 2022. All applicable international, national, and institutional guidelines for animal care and use were adhered to. All animal procedures complied with the ethical standards of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia. This study was conducted in accordance with the ARRIVE guidelines ( ) and the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (NIH Publication No. 85 − 23, revised in 1996).
: The authors declare no competing interests.
