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Article History

Received: 15 January 2026

Accepted: 8 May 2026

First Online: 22 May 2026

Declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate: Studies were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06250881) under the Unique Protocol ID 20231119. The Record Verification Date was November 2023. Data collection began after ethical approval was granted. Our study was submitted to and approved by a local ethics committee or institutional review board (IRB): The Medical Ethics Committee of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University. The Medical Ethics Committee of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University waived the requirement for informed consent (Ethics approval number: 2023254 K. Approved date: 2023-11-13), citing that the study was of a retrospective and anonymous nature and was in line with the regulatory guidelines for minimum-risk research in China. The research utilized previous biological samples or data, and the project did not involve personal privacy or commercial interests.

Consent for publication: Not applicable.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.