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Authors
Kwak, Jay Jiyong
Lee, Seung Jae
Lee, Christopher Seungkyu
Byeon, Suk Ho
Kim, Sung Soo
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Severance Hospital (C-2025-0026)
National Research Foundation of Korea (RS-2026-25490218)
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Article History
Received: 12 February 2026
Accepted: 23 June 2026
First Online: 28 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Yonsei University College of Medicine (approval no. 4-2023-0189). The research was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki. The need for consent was waived due to retrospective nature of the study.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
