Gong, Di https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7743-8460
Chai, Xiaoyan https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8510-5249
Huang, Zihan https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1439-996X
Zhang, Chenchen
Liu, Huaying
Yan, Zhichao
Funding for this research was provided by:
SanMing Project of Medicine in Shenzhen (SZSM202311012)
Article History
Received: 6 August 2025
Accepted: 4 September 2026
First Online: 9 September 2026
Declarations
Ethical approval: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shenzhen Eye Hospital (Approval number: 2024KYPJ079), and all procedures adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant national regulations. Given that this study was a retrospective analysis of existing clinical data, the Ethics Committee waived the requirement for informed consent. All patient data were fully anonymized prior to analysis to ensure privacy and confidentiality.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.