Document is current

Article History

Received: 29 December 2017

Accepted: 3 July 2018

First Online: 25 July 2018

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. This protocol was reviewed and approved by the Population Council Institutional Review Board (Protocol 668) and the Kenyatta National Hospital/University of Nairobi Ethics & Research Committee (KNH-ERC/A/81). To protect facility heads, we did not collect any personal identifying information, including names and signatures, in order to ensure that they could not be identified. The two ethical review committees approved verbal informed consent, where participants verbally agreed to participate in the study rather than sign the consent form. Verbal informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study by trained research assistants. Trained research assistants signed the consent forms to certify that they read the consent form to the participants and obtained agreement from participants to participate in the study.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.