Document is current

Article History

Received: 30 November 2018

Accepted: 22 March 2019

First Online: 3 April 2019

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: This study was exempted from ethical review by the human research ethics committee (non-medical) of the University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa because the study used a de-identified open-source dataset.

: The Tanzania Demographic and Health survey is a de-identified open-source dataset. However, during the surveys, consent for interviews as well as biomarker measurements were from women as well as the parents or guardians of the children included in the study. Results of the biomarker measurements were given to each child’s parent or guardian both verbally and in writing.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.