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Article History

Received: 27 March 2024

Accepted: 11 November 2024

First Online: 15 November 2024

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Malaysia (UKM PPI/111/8/JEP-2022-629) and the National Bioethical Committee of Pakistan (NBC-914). Written informed consent was obtained from all participating parents. The informed consent process included a detailed explanation of the study objectives, procedures, potential risks and benefits, confidentiality measures, and the voluntary nature of participation. Parents were given ample opportunity to ask questions and were provided with sufficient information to make an informed decision about their involvement in the study.

: All participants consented to their findings’ publication.

: The authors declare no competing interests.