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Article History

Received: 16 April 2024

Accepted: 26 February 2025

First Online: 17 March 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki for studies on human subjects. Ethical approval was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Sana’a, Yemen. Informed consent was obtained from parents or legally authorized guardians for the voluntary inclusion of their neonates in the study after informing them of its purpose and their right to exclude their neonates from the study at any time without giving reasons. In situations where parents or guardians were illiterate or had given verbal consent but expressed concerns about signing consent forms or providing fingerprints, additional informed consent was obtained from literate legally authorized guardians who agreed to sign the consent forms. The confidentiality of participants and the privacy of their data were guaranteed.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.