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Article History

Received: 14 November 2023

Accepted: 24 March 2025

First Online: 4 April 2025

Declarations

:

: The Kyoto University Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine Ethics Committee approved this study. The study was conducted following the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The participating children’s parents were informed at the beginning of the study about the purpose and relevant procedures and that cooperation was voluntary. Parents provided written informed consent for themselves and on behalf of their children, with the understanding that this study would comprise both baseline and follow-up surveys, which was approved by the Kyoto University Ethics Committee (R3657).

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.