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Article History

Received: 29 December 2024

Accepted: 25 March 2025

First Online: 4 April 2025

Declarations

:

: Informed consent was obtained from all participants and from parents or legal guardians for children under 18 years of age. The protocol of the KNHANES was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2007-02CON-04-P, 2008-04EXP-01-C, 2009-01CON-03–2 C, 2010-02CON-21-C, 2011-02CON-06-C, 2012-01EXP-01–2 C, 2013-07CON-03–4 C, 2013-12EXP-03–5 C). The study followed guidelines stated in the declaration of Helsinki. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of CHA University Hospital (IRB No. 2021-12-002).

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.