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Article History

Received: 16 January 2025

Accepted: 29 April 2025

First Online: 14 May 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Wonju Severance Christian Hospital (CR322347) and adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Given the retrospective design of the study utilizing fully anonymized claims data provided by the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) under strict privacy regulations, obtaining informed consent from participants, including minors under the age of 16, was not feasible. As such, the requirement for informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board in accordance with national regulations and institutional guidelines.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.